Probability Generating Function of Negative Binomial Distribution/First Form

Theorem
Let $X$ be a discrete random variable with the negative binomial distribution (first form) with parameters $n$ and $p$.

Then the p.g.f. of $X$ is:
 * $\map {\Pi_X} s = \paren {\dfrac q {1 - p s} }^n$

where $q = 1 - p$.

Proof
From the definition of p.g.f:


 * $\ds \map {\Pi_X} s = \sum_{k \mathop \ge 0} \map {p_X} k s^k$

From the definition of the negative binomial distribution (first form):
 * $\map {p_X} k = \dbinom {n + k - 1} {n - 1} p^k q^n$

where $q = 1 - p$.

So:

For the third equality, the equation in the second line is rewritten in terms of binomial series.

Hence the result.