Definition:Euler's Number

The sequence $$\left \langle {x_n} \right \rangle$$ defined as $$x_n = \left({1 + \frac 1 n}\right)^n$$ converges to a limit.

That limit is called Euler's Number and is denoted $$e$$.

Its value is approximately $$2.718281828 \ldots$$

Comment
This is the most famous irrational constant in mathematics after $$\pi$$, and equally far-reaching in scope and usefulness.

The proof that it is irrational is straightforward.