Definition:Translation Mapping

Definition
Let $\left({G, +}\right)$ be an abelian group.

Let $g \in G$.

Then translation by $g$ is the mapping $\tau_g: G \to G$ defined by:


 * $\forall h \in G: \tau_g \left({h}\right) = h - g$

Definition in $\R^n$
As $\R^n$ is a vector space, $\left({\R^n, +}\right)$ is an abelian group.

Hence translation by $x$ is the mapping $\tau_x: \R^n \to \R^n$ defined by:


 * $\forall y \in \R^n: \tau_x \left({y}\right) = y - x$

Caution
It is easy to confuse the mappings $\tau_x$ and $\tau_{-x}$, and the choice made here is arbitrary.

The map $\tau_x$ can be understood (appealing to our planar $\R^2$ intuition) as translating the coordinate axes by $x$.