User:Ape/Sandbox

''Let's try to write another proof of the Abel's Lemma. ''

Abel's Lemma
Let $(a_n)$ and $(b_n)$ be two sequences where $(a_n)$ is a sequence of $\mathbb{K}=\mathbb{R}$ or $\mathbb{C}$ and $(b_n)$ is a sequence of a normed vector space on $\mathbb{K}$.

Let $B_n = \displaystyle \sum_{k=0}^n b_k$.

Then, for $n \geqslant 0$,

$ \displaystyle \sum_{k=0}^n a_kb_k = \sum_{k=0}^{n-1} (a_k - a_{k+1}) B_k + a_nB_n$

Proof
First, note that : $b_k = B_k - B_{k-1}$.

Hence :

$\displaystyle\sum_{k=0}^n a_kb_k = \sum_{k=0}^n a_k (B_k - B_{k-1}) = \sum_{k=0}^n a_kB_k - \sum_{k=0}^n a_kB_{k-1}$

Then, substitute $k$ for $i=k-1$ in the second sum so that : $\displaystyle\sum_{k=0}^n a_kB_{k-1} =\sum_{i=0}^{n-1} a_{i+1} B_i = \sum_{k=0}^{n-1} a_{k+1} B_k$

So far, we have :

$\displaystyle\sum_{k=0}^n a_kb_k = \sum_{k=0}^n a_kB_k - \sum_{k=0}^{n-1} a_{k+1} B_k = \sum_{k=0}^{n-1} (a_k-a_{k+1})B_k + a_nB_n$