Function Measurable iff Positive and Negative Parts Measurable

Theorem
Let $\struct {X, \Sigma}$ be a measurable space.

Let $f: X \to \overline \R$ be an extended real-valued function.

Let $f^+, f^-: X \to \overline \R$ be the positive and negative parts of $f$.

Then $f$ is $\Sigma$-measurable both $f^+$ and $f^-$ are $\Sigma$-measurable.

Necessary Condition
Suppose $f$ is measurable.

By definition, its positive part $f^+$ equals the pointwise maximum:


 * $f^+ = \max \set {f, 0}$

where $0$ denotes the zero function.

By Constant Function is Measurable, $0$ is a measurable function.

Thus, by Pointwise Maximum of Measurable Functions is Measurable, $f^+$ is measurable.

Subsequently, the negative part $f^-$ of $f$ is defined by means of a pointwise minimum:


 * $f^- = - \min \set {f, 0}$

By Pointwise Maximum of Measurable Functions is Measurable and Negative of Measurable Function is Measurable, $f^-$ is measurable as well.

Sufficient Condition
Suppose $f^+$ and $f^-$ are both measurable.

By Difference of Positive and Negative Parts:


 * $f = f^+ - f^-$

and hence, by Pointwise Difference of Measurable Functions is Measurable, $f$ is also measurable.