Mathematician:Aryabhata the Elder

Indian mathematician and astronomer.

An early believer in the irrationality of $\pi$, and developed an approximation for it of $3.1416$.

Nationality
Indian

History

 * Born: 476, Kusumapura (now Patna), India
 * Died: 550, India

Theorems

 * Sine, cosine and versine, under the names jyā, koti-jyā and utkrama-jyā.
 * Area of Triangle in Terms of Side and Altitude
 * Āryabhaṭa Algorithm
 * Āryabhaṭa Numeration
 * Sum of Sequence of Squares
 * Sum of Sequence of Cubes

Books

 * 499: Āryabhaṭīya (or Ashmakatantra, as it is referred to by Bhāskara I in his commentary Āryabhaṭīyabhāṣya)
 * Arya-Siddhanta


 * Several more lost treatises on mathematics and astronomy