Mathematician:Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi

 c. 780 - c. 850

Full name:  محمد بن موسى ابو جعفر الخوارزمي‎  - Muḥammad bin Mūsā Abū Ǧaʿfar al-Ḫawārazmī.

Mathematician who lived and worked in Baghdad.

Famous for his book "The Algebra", which contained the first systematic description of the solution to linear and quadratic equations.

Sometimes referred to as "the father of algebra", but some claim the title should belong to Diophantus.

Nationality
Persian

History

 * Born: c. 780
 * Died: c. 850

Theorems and Definitions

 * The term algebra comes from the "al-ğabr" part of the title of his most famous work.
 * The related terms algorism and algorithm are derived from the Latin form of his name "Al-Khwarismi".

Books and Papers

 * "Al-Kitāb al-muḫtaṣar fī ḥisāb al-ğabr wa-l-muqābala" (Arabic:  الكتاب المختصر في حساب الجبر والمقابلة ) : "The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing" (830), otherwise known as "The Algebra".