7

Number
$7$ (seven) is:


 * The $4$th prime number after $2$, $3$, $5$

$1$st Term

 * The $1$st prime number of the form $6 n + 1$:
 * $7 = 6 \times 1 + 1$


 * The $1$st long period prime:
 * $\dfrac 1 7 = 0 \cdotp \dot 14285 \dot 7$


 * The $1$st power of $7$ after the zeroth $1$:
 * $7 = 7^1$


 * The $1$st element of an arithmetic sequence of $6$ prime numbers:
 * $7$, $37$, $67$, $97$, $127$, $157$


 * The $1$st element of the $1$st pair of consecutive prime numbers different by $4$


 * The $1$st integer that is not the sum of at most $3$ square numbers


 * The $1$st integer the decimal representation of whose square can be split into two parts which are each themselves square:
 * $7^2 = 49$; $4 = 2^2$, $9 = 3^2$

$2$nd Term

 * The $2$nd safe prime after $5$:
 * $7 = 2 \times 3 + 1$


 * The $2$nd heptagonal number after $1$:
 * $7 = 1 + 7 = \dfrac {2 \paren {5 \times 2 - 3} } 2$


 * The $2$nd centered hexagonal number after $1$:
 * $7 = 1 + 6 = 2^3 - 1^3$


 * The $2$nd hexagonal pyramidal number after $1$:
 * $7 = 1 + 6$


 * The $2$nd second pentagonal number after $2$:
 * $7 = \dfrac {2 \paren {3 \times 2 + 1} } 2$


 * The $2$nd Mersenne number and Mersenne prime after $3$, leading to the $2$nd perfect number $28$:
 * $7 = 2^3 - 1$


 * The larger element of the $2$nd pair of twin primes, with $5$


 * The lower end of the $2$nd record-breaking gap between twin primes:
 * $11 - 7 = 4$


 * The $2$nd Woodall number after $1$, and $1$st Woodall prime:
 * $7 = 2 \times 2^2 - 1$


 * The $2$nd happy number after $1$:
 * $7 \to 7^2 = 49 \to 4^2 + 9^2 = 16 + 81 = 97 \to 9^2 + 7^2 = 81 + 49 = 130 \to 1^2 + 3^2 + 0^2 = 1 + 9 + 0 = 10 \to 1^2 + 0^2 = 1$


 * The $2$nd of $5$ primes of the form $2 x^2 + 5$:
 * $2 \times 1^2 + 5 = 7$


 * The $2$nd Euclid number after $3$:
 * $7 = p_2\# + 1 = 2 \times 3 + 1$


 * The $2$nd positive integer $n$ after $4$ such that $n - 2^k$ is prime for all $k$


 * The $2$nd positive integer after $1$ whose divisor sum is a cube:
 * $\map {\sigma_1} 7 = 8 = 2^3$

$3$rd Term

 * The $3$rd positive integer after $1$, $2$ whose cube is palindromic:
 * $7^3 = 343$


 * The $3$rd Lucas prime after $2$, $3$


 * The $3$rd prime number after $2$, $3$ to be of the form $n! + 1$ for integer $n$:
 * $3! + 1 = 6 + 1 = 7$
 * where $n!$ denotes $n$ factorial


 * The $3$rd $n$ after $4$ and $5$, and the largest known, such that $n! + 1$ is square: see Brocard's Problem:
 * $7! + 1 = 5040 + 1 = 5041 = 71^2$


 * The $3$rd lucky number:
 * $1$, $3$, $7$, $\ldots$


 * The $3$rd palindromic lucky number:
 * $1$, $3$, $7$, $\ldots$


 * The $3$rd tri-automorphic number after $2$, $5$:
 * $7^2 \times 3 = 14 \mathbf 7$


 * The $3$rd Euclid prime after $2$, $3$:
 * $7 = p_2\# + 1 = 2 \times 3 + 1$


 * The $3$rd prime number after $3$, $5$ which is palindromic in both decimal and binary:
 * $7_{10} = 111_2$

$4$th Term

 * The $4$th (trivial, $1$-digit, after $2$, $3$, $5$) palindromic prime.


 * The $4$th permutable prime after $2$, $3$, $5$.


 * The $4$th generalized pentagonal number after $1$, $2$, $5$:
 * $7 = \dfrac {2 \paren {3 \times 2 + 1} } 2$


 * The index of the $4$th Mersenne prime after $2$, $3$, $5$:
 * $M_7 = 2^7 - 1 = 127$


 * The $4$th Lucas number after $(2)$, $1$, $3$, $4$:
 * $7 = 3 + 4$


 * The $4$th prime $p$ such that $p \# + 1$, where $p \#$ denotes primorial (product of all primes up to $p$) of $p$, is prime, after $2$, $3$, $5$:
 * $7 \# + 1 = 2 \times 3 \times 5 \times 7 + 1 = 211$


 * The $4$th integer $n$ after $-1$, $0$, $2$ such that $\dbinom n 0 + \dbinom n 1 + \dbinom n 2 + \dbinom n 3 = m^2$ for integer $m$:
 * $\dbinom 7 0 + \dbinom 7 1 + \dbinom 7 2 + \dbinom 7 3 = 8^2$


 * The $4$th positive integer after $2$, $3$, $4$ which cannot be expressed as the sum of distinct pentagonal numbers


 * The $4$th integer $m$ after $3$, $4$, $6$ such that $m! - 1$ (its factorial minus $1$) is prime:
 * $7! - 1 = 5040 - 1 = 5039$


 * The $4$th (trivially) left-truncatable prime after $2$, $3$, $5$


 * The $4$th (trivially) right-truncatable prime after $2$, $3$, $5$


 * The $4$th (trivially) two-sided prime after $2$, $3$, $5$


 * The $4$th prime number after $2$, $3$, $5$ consisting (trivially) of a string of consecutive ascending digits


 * The $4$th positive integer which is not the sum of $1$ or more distinct squares:
 * $2$, $3$, $6$, $7$, $\ldots$


 * The $4$th odd positive integer after $1$, $3$, $5$ such that all smaller odd integers greater than $1$ which are coprime to it are prime.


 * The $4$th odd positive integer after $1$, $3$, $5$ that cannot be expressed as the sum of exactly $4$ distinct non-zero square numbers all of which are coprime


 * The $4$th minimal prime base $10$ after $2$, $3$, $5$

$5$th Term

 * The $5$th integer after $0$, $1$, $3$, $5$ which is palindromic in both decimal and binary:
 * $7_{10} = 111_2$


 * The $5$th integer $n$ after $3$, $4$, $5$, $6$ such that $m = \ds \sum_{k \mathop = 0}^{n - 1} \paren {-1}^k \paren {n - k}! = n! - \paren {n - 1}! + \paren {n - 2}! - \paren {n - 3}! + \cdots \pm 1$ is prime:
 * $7! - 6! + 5! - 4! + 3! - 2! + 1! = 4421$


 * The index of the $5$th Mersenne number after $1$, $2$, $3$, $5$ which asserted to be prime


 * The number of integer partitions for $5$:
 * $\map p 5 = 7$

$6$th Term

 * The $6$th (strictly) positive integer after $1$, $2$, $3$, $4$, $6$ which cannot be expressed as the sum of exactly $5$ non-zero squares.


 * The $6$th (strictly) positive integer after $1$, $2$, $3$, $4$, $6$ which cannot be expressed as the sum of distinct primes of the form $6 n - 1$


 * The smallest positive integer the decimal expansion of whose reciprocal has a period of $6$:
 * $\dfrac 1 7 = 0 \cdotp \dot 14285 \dot 7$

$7$th Term

 * The $7$th of the (trivial $1$-digit) pluperfect digital invariants after $1$, $2$, $3$, $4$, $5$, $6$:
 * $7^1 = 7$


 * The $7$th of the (trivial $1$-digit) Zuckerman numbers after $1$, $2$, $3$, $4$, $5$, $6$:
 * $7 = 1 \times 7$


 * The $7$th of the (trivial $1$-digit) harshad numbers after $1$, $2$, $3$, $4$, $5$, $6$:
 * $7 = 1 \times 7$


 * The $7$th after $1$, $2$, $3$, $4$, $5$, $6$ of $21$ integers which can be represented as the sum of two primes in the maximum number of ways

$8$th Term

 * The $8$th number after $0$, $1$, $2$, $3$, $4$, $5$, $6$ which is (trivially) the sum of the increasing powers of its digits taken in order:
 * $7^1 = 7$


 * The $8$th integer $n$ after $0$, $1$, $2$, $3$, $4$, $5$, $6$ such that $2^n$ contains no zero in its decimal representation:
 * $2^7 = 128$


 * The $8$th integer $n$ after $0$, $1$, $2$, $3$, $4$, $5$, $6$ such that $5^n$ contains no zero in its decimal representation:
 * $5^7 = 78 \, 125$


 * The $8$th integer $n$ after $0$, $1$, $2$, $3$, $4$, $5$, $6$ such that both $2^n$ and $5^n$ have no zeroes:
 * $2^7 = 128$, $5^7 = 78 \, 125$

Also see

 * Integer as Sum of Three Squares

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