Linear Second Order ODE/y'' - 2 y' - 3 y = 64 x exp -x

Theorem
The second order ODE:
 * $(1): \quad y'' - 2 y' - 3 y = 64 x e^{-x}$

has the general solution:
 * $y = C_1 e^{3 x} + C_2 e^{-x} - e^{-x} \paren {8 x^2 + 4 x + 1}$

Proof
It can be seen that $(1)$ is a nonhomogeneous linear second order ODE in the form:
 * $y'' + p y' + q y = \map R x$

where:
 * $p = -2$
 * $q = -3$
 * $\map R x = 64 x e^{-x}$

First we establish the solution of the corresponding constant coefficient homogeneous linear second order ODE:
 * $y'' - 2 y' - 3 y = 0$

From Second Order ODE: $y'' - 2 y' - 3 y = 0$, this has the general solution:
 * $y_g = C_1 e^{3 x} + C_2 e^{-x}$

It remains to find a particular solution $y_p$ to $(1)$.

Expressing $y_g$ in the form:
 * $y_g = C_1 \, \map {y_1} x + C_2 \, \map {y_2} x$

we have:

By the Method of Variation of Parameters, we have that:


 * $y_p = v_1 y_1 + v_2 y_2$

where:

where $\map W {y_1, y_2}$ is the Wronskian of $y_1$ and $y_2$.

We have that:

Hence:

It follows that:

So from General Solution of Linear 2nd Order ODE from Homogeneous 2nd Order ODE and Particular Solution:


 * $y = y_g + y_p = C_1 e^{3 x} + C_2 e^{-x} - e^{-x} \paren {8 x^2 + 4 x + 1}$

is the general solution to $(1)$.