Combination Theorem for Limits of Functions/Real/Quotient Rule

Theorem
Let $X$ be one of the standard number fields $\Q, \R, \C$.

Let $f$ and $g$ be functions defined on an open subset $S \subseteq X$, except possibly at the point $c \in S$.

Let $f$ and $g$ tend to the following limits:


 * $\displaystyle \lim_{x \mathop \to c} \ f \left({x}\right) = l$
 * $\displaystyle \lim_{x \mathop \to c} \ g \left({x}\right) = m$

Then:
 * $\displaystyle \lim_{x \mathop \to c} \frac {f \left({x}\right)} {g \left({x}\right)} = \frac l m$

provided that $m \ne 0$.

(In the case that $l = m = 0$, see L'Hôpital's Rule).

Proof
Let $\left \langle {x_n} \right \rangle$ be any sequence of points of $S$ such that:
 * $\forall n \in \N_{>0}: x_n \ne c$
 * $\displaystyle \lim_{n \to \infty} x_n = c$

By Limit of Function by Convergent Sequences:
 * $\displaystyle \lim_{n \mathop \to \infty} f \left({x_n}\right) = l$
 * $\displaystyle \lim_{n \mathop \to \infty} g \left({x_n}\right) = m$

By the Quotient Rule for Sequences:
 * $\displaystyle \lim_{n \mathop \to \infty} \frac {f \left({x_n}\right)} {g \left({x_n}\right)} = \frac l m$

provided that $m \ne 0$.

Applying Limit of Function by Convergent Sequences again, we get:
 * $\displaystyle \lim_{x \mathop \to c} \frac {f \left({x}\right)} {g \left({x}\right)} = \frac l m$

provided that $m \ne 0$.