Non-Successor Element of Peano Structure is Unique

Theorem
Let $\left({P, s, 0}\right)$ be a Peano structure.

Then:
 * $P \setminus s \left[{P}\right]$ is a singleton

where:
 * $\setminus$ denotes set difference
 * $s \left[{P}\right]$ denotes the image of the mapping $s$.

It follows that the non-successor element $0$ is the only element of $P$ with this property.

Proof
Let $T = P \setminus s \left[{P}\right]$.

From Axiom $(P4)$ we know that $T \ne \varnothing$.

Now suppose that $t_1 \in T$ and $t_2 \in T$.

Suppose that, aiming for a contradiction, $t_1 \ne t_2$.

Define $A = P \setminus \left\{{t_2}\right\}$.

Thus $t_1 \in A \ne P$.

Moreover, by the nature of $t_2$:


 * $x \in A \implies s \left({x}\right) \in A$

Thus, by the induction axiom $(P5)$, $A = P$.

From this contradiction it follows that $P \setminus s \left[{P}\right]$ cannot contain two different elements.