Definition:Moving Average Model/Moving Average Operator

Definition
Let $S$ be a stochastic process based on an equispaced time series.

Let the values of $S$ at timestamps $t, t - 1, t - 2, \dotsc$ be $z_t, z_{t - 1}, z_{t - 2}, \dotsc$

Let $\tilde z_t$ be the deviation from a constant mean level $\mu$:
 * $\tilde z_t = z_t - \mu$

Let $a_t, a_{t - 1}, a_{t - 2}, \dotsc$ be a sequence of independent shock at timestamps $t, t - 1, t - 2, \dotsc$,

Let $M$ be an moving average model on $S$ of order $q$:


 * $\tilde z_t = a_t - \theta_1 a_{t - 1} - \theta_2 a_{t - 2} - \dotsb - \theta_q a_{t - q}$

Let $\map \theta B$ be defined as:
 * $\map \theta B = 1 - \theta_1 B - \theta_2 B - \dotsb - \theta_q B$

where $B$ denotes the backward shift operator.

Then $\map \theta B$ is referred to as the moving average operator.

Hence the moving average model can be written in the following compact manner:


 * $\tilde z_t = \map \theta B a_t$