Definition:Crossing (Jordan Curve)

Definition
Let $P$ be a polygon embedded in $\R^2$.

Let $q \in \R^2 \setminus \partial P$, and let $\mathbf v \in R^2 \setminus \left\{ {\mathbf 0}\right\}$ be a non-zero vector.

Let $\mathcal L = \left\{ {q + s \mathbf v: s \in \R_{\ge 0} }\right\}$ be a ray with start point $q$.

Then $\mathcal L \cap \partial P$ consists of a finite number of line segments, where $\partial P$ denotes the boundary of $P$.

As two adjacent sides in $P$ do not form a straight angle by the definition of polygon, each line segment is either a single point or an entire side of $P$.

Each of these line segments is called a crossing iff the line segment is one of these:


 * a single point which is not a vertex of $P$.


 * a single vertex of $P$, and its adjacent sides lie on opposite sides of $\mathcal L$.


 * a side $S$ of $P$, and the two sides adjacent to $S$ lie on opposite sides of $\mathcal L$.