Lebesgue Integral is Extension of Darboux Integral

Theorem
Let $f: \closedint a b \to \R$ be a Riemann integrable function.

Then it is also Lebesgue integrable, and furthermore:


 * $\displaystyle R \int_a^b \map f x \rd x = \int_{\closedint a b} f \rd \lambda$

where $\displaystyle R \int_a^b$ is the Riemann integral and $\displaystyle \int_{\closedint a b}$ is the Lebesgue integral.

Proof
Since every step function is also a simple function, we have


 * $\displaystyle \map L P \le \sup_{\phi \mathop \le f} \int_a^b \map \phi x \rd x \le \inf_{\psi \mathop \ge f} \int_a^b \map \psi x \rd x \le \map U P$

where $\map L P$ and $\map U P$ are the lower sum and upper sum as defined in the definition of definite integral.

Since $f$ is Riemann integrable, the inequalities are all equalities and $f$ is measurable by basic properties of measurable functions.