Mathematician:Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky

Full name in Russian: Никола́й Ива́нович Лобаче́вский.

His name is variously rendered in Roman script; for example, Eric Temple Bell in his writes it as Lobatchewsky.

Known as "the Copernicus of geometry", for his development of a non-Euclidean geometry, i.e. one which does not use the parallel postulate. Subject of a song by Tom Lehrer.

Nationality
Russian

History

 * Born: 1 Dec 1792, Nizhny Novgorod (was Gorky from 1932-1990), Russia
 * Died: 24 Feb 1856, Kazan, Russia

Theorems and Conjectures

 * Gauss-Bolyai-Lobachevsky Space (with Carl Friedrich Gauss and János Bolyai)

Books and Papers

 * 1823: Geometriya (although not published its exact original form till 1909)
 * 1829: A concise outline of the foundations of geometry
 * 1832: On the most important subjects of education
 * 1837: Géométrie imaginaire
 * 1840: Geometrische Untersuchungen zur Theorie der Parellellinien

Also see

 * : Chapter $$\text{XVI}$$