Mathematician:Plato

Plato (Greek: Πλάτων, Plátōn, "broad") was a Greek philosopher, a student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle.

"The development of Western philosophy is a series of footnotes to Plato." -- Alfred North Whitehead

Importantly documents the philosophy of Socrates.

Of particular importance was his insistence on the idea of proof.

Nationality
Greek

History

 * Born: 428 or 427 B.C.E., Athens, Greece
 * Died: 348 or 347 B.C.E., Athens, Greece

Theorems and Definitions

 * The Platonic Solids

Writings
35 dialogues and 13 letters, although there is doubt as to whether he actually wrote all of them.