Non-Equivalence

Theorem

 * $$\neg \left ({p \iff q}\right) \dashv \vdash \left({\neg p \and q}\right) \or \left({p \and \neg q}\right)$$
 * $$\neg \left ({p \iff q}\right) \dashv \vdash \neg \left({p \implies q}\right) \or \neg \left({q \implies p}\right)$$
 * $$\neg \left ({p \iff q}\right) \dashv \vdash \left({p \or q} \right) \and \neg \left({p \and q}\right)$$
 * $$\neg \left ({p \iff q}\right) \dashv \vdash \left({p \or q} \right) \and \left({\neg p \or \neg q}\right)$$

Thus we see that negation of equivalence means the same thing as "either-or but not both", that is, exclusive or.

Proof by Natural Deduction
By the tableau method:

The argument is reversible:

The above reasoning is completely reversible.


 * $$\neg \left ({p \iff q}\right) \dashv \vdash \left({p \or q} \right) \and \neg \left({p \and q}\right)$$:

First, get this simple result:

... and its converse:

Now the main part of the proof:

The above argument is reversible:


 * $$\neg \left ({p \iff q}\right) \dashv \vdash \left({p \or q} \right) \and \left({\neg p \or \neg q}\right)$$

Follows directly from the above and De Morgan's Laws.

Proof by Truth Table
We apply the Method of Truth Tables to the propositions in turn.

As can be seen by inspection, in all cases the truth values under the main connectives match for all models.

$$\begin{array}{|cccc||ccccccccc|} \hline \neg & (p & \iff & q) & (\neg & p & \and & q) & \or & (p & \and & \neg & q) \\ \hline F & F & T & F & T & F & F & F & F & F & F & T & F \\ T & F & F & T & T & F & T & T & T & F & F & F & T \\ T & T & F & F & F & T & F & F & T & T & T & T & F \\ F & T & T & T & F & T & F & T & F & T & F & F & T \\ \hline \end{array}$$

$$\begin{array}{|cccc||ccccccccc|} \hline \neg & (p & \iff & q) & \neg & (p & \implies & q) & \or & \neg & (q & \implies & p) \\ \hline F & F & T & F & F & F & T & F & F & F & F & T & F \\ T & F & F & T & F & F & T & T & T & T & T & F & F \\ T & T & F & F & T & T & F & F & T & F & F & T & T \\ F & T & T & T & F & T & T & T & F & F & T & T & T \\ \hline \end{array}$$

$$\begin{array}{|cccc||cccccccc|} \hline \neg & (p & \iff & q) & (p & \or & q) & \and & \neg & (p & \and & q) \\ \hline F & F & T & F & F & F & F & F & T & F & F & F \\ T & F & F & T & F & T & T & T & T & F & F & T \\ T & T & F & F & T & T & F & T & T & T & F & F \\ F & T & T & T & T & T & T & F & F & T & T & T \\ \hline \end{array}$$

$$\begin{array}{|cccc||ccccccccc|} \hline \neg & (p & \iff & q) & (p & \or & q) & \and & (\neg & p & \or & \neg & q) \\ \hline F & F & T & F & F & F & F & F & T & F & T & T & F \\ T & F & F & T & F & T & T & T & T & F & T & F & T \\ T & T & F & F & T & T & F & T & F & T & T & T & F \\ F & T & T & T & T & T & T & F & F & T & F & F & T \\ \hline \end{array}$$