Hensel's Lemma/P-adic Integers/Lemma 5

Theorem
Let $\Z_p$ be the $p$-adic integers for some prime $p$.

Let $\map F X \in \Z_p \sqbrk X$ be a polynomial.

Let $\map {F'} X$ be the (formal) derivative of $F$.

Let $\alpha_0 \in \Z_p$ be a $p$-adic integer:
 * $\map F {\alpha_0} \equiv 0 \pmod {p\Z_p}$
 * $\map {F'} {\alpha_0} \not\equiv 0 \pmod {p\Z_p}$

Let $T$ be the set of $p$-adic digits.

For each $k \in \N$, let $H_k : T^k \to \Z_p$ be the mapping defined by:
 * $\map {H_k} {b_0, b_1, \ldots, b_k} = \ds \sum_{n = 0}^k b_n p_n$

For each $k \in \N$, let:
 * $S_k = \set{\tuple{b_0, b_1, \ldots, b_k} \subseteq T^k : \map F {\map {H_k} {b_0, b_1, \ldots, b_k} } \equiv 0 \pmod{p^{k+1}\Z_p} \land \map {H_k} {b_0, b_1, \ldots, b_k} \equiv \alpha_0 \pmod{p\Z_p}}$

Let:
 * $\tuple{b_0, b_1, \ldots, b_k} \in S_k$.

Then there exists a unique $p$-adic digit $\map b {b_0, b_1, \ldots, b_k}$:
 * $\tuple{b_0, b_1, \ldots, b_k, \map b {b_0, b_1, \ldots, b_k}} \in S_{k+1}$.