Definition:Image (Relation Theory)/Relation/Element/Singleton

First Definition
Let $\mathcal R$ be a relation.

$\map {\mathcal R} s$ is the unique $t$ such that $s \mathcal R t$.

If $t$ is not unique, then $\map {\mathcal R} s = \O$.

That is, if $\map {\mathcal R} s = \set t$ where $\map {\mathcal R} s$ refers to the image of $s$ by $\mathcal R$ then:


 * $\map {\mathcal R} s = t$ where $\map {\mathcal R} s$ now refers to the value of $\mathcal R$ at $s$.

Second Definition
To achieve this behavior, $z \in \map {\mathcal R} s$ $z \in t$ for the unique $t$ satisfying $s \mathcal R t$.


 * $\map {\mathcal R} s = \set {z: \exists t: \paren {z \in t \land s \mathrel {\mathcal R} t} \land \exists! t: s \mathcal R t}$

Also denoted as
Some authors distinguish the value of $\mathcal R$ at $s$ from the image of $s$ under $\mathcal R$ or image of set $A$ under $\mathcal R$ by denoting:


 * $\mathcal R ` s$ to be the value of $\mathcal R$ at $s$


 * $\mathcal R {``} s$ to be the image of $s$ under $\mathcal R$.

Historical Note
The first definition was first used by.