Mathematician:Johann Heinrich Lambert

Swiss mathematician, physicist and astronomer.

The first to introduce hyperbolic functions into trigonometry.

Made conjectures regarding non-Euclidean space.

Credited with the first proof that $\pi$ is irrational.

Nationality
Swiss

History

 * Born: 26 Aug 1728, Mülhausen, Alsace (now Mulhouse, France)
 * Died: 25 Sept 1777, Berlin, Prussia (now Germany)

Theorems and Definitions

 * Seven map projections:
 * Lambert Conformal Conic Projection
 * Transverse Mercator Projection
 * Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area Projection
 * Lagrange Projection
 * Lambert Cylindrical Equal Area Projection
 * Transverse Cylindrical Equal Area Projection
 * Lambert Conical Equal Area Projection


 * The Beer-Lambert-Bouguer Law, also known as the Lambert-Beer Law, Beer's Law, the Beer-Lambert Law or Lambert's Law (with August Beer and Pierre Bouguer)


 * Lambert (unit)
 * Lambert Quadrilateral
 * Lambert's Cosine Law
 * Lambertian Reflectance
 * Lambert Series
 * Lambert's Trinomial Equation
 * Lambert's W Function

Books and Papers

 * 1760: Photometria
 * 1761: Cosmologische Briefe über die Einrichtung des Weltbaues
 * 1761: Mémoire sur quelques propriétés remarquables des quantités transcendentes circulaires et logarithmiques
 * 1764: New Organon
 * 1772: Ammerkungen und Zusatze zurder Land und Himmelscharten Entwerfung

Also see

 * : $\S 4$: Footnote to Problem $6$