Smallest Pythagorean Triangle is 3-4-5

Theorem
The smallest Pythagorean triangle has sides of length $3$, $4$ and $5$.


 * 3-4-5.png

Proof
From Solutions of Pythagorean Equation, all Pythagorean triangles, the set of all primitive Pythagorean triples is generated by:
 * $\tuple {2 m n, m^2 - n^2, m^2 + n^2}$

where:
 * $m, n \in \Z_{>0}$ are (strictly) positive integers
 * $m \perp n$, that is, $m$ and $n$ are coprime
 * $m$ and $n$ are of opposite parity
 * $m > n$.

The smallest two (strictly) positive integers which satisfy the above criteria are:
 * $n = 1$
 * $m = 2$

Hence:
 * $2 m n = 2 \times 2 \times 1 = 4$
 * $m^2 - n^2 = 2^2 - 1^2 = 3$
 * $m^2 + n^2 = 2^2 + 1^2 = 5$

and to confirm:
 * $3^2 + 4^2 = 9 + 16 = 25 = 5^2$