Mathematician:Robert of Chester

Mathematician
English Arabist of the $12$th century who translated several books from Arabic to Latin.

Hence appears to be the first to introduce the Arabic numerals to Europe.

His most immediate legacy was his use of the word sine (as sinus, meaning bay or fold) for the word that in the original Indian meant bow or chord.

Some credit for this, but  now appears to have followed.

Nationality
English

History

 * Born: c. 1100 in Chester, England
 * Died: unknown

Translations

 * 1144: Liber de Compositione Alchimiae by Abu Mūsā Jābir ibn Hayyān
 * 1145: Liber Algebrae et Almucabol, a translation of by