Definition:Borel Sigma-Algebra

Topological Spaces
Let $\struct {S, \tau}$ be a topological space

The Borel sigma-algebra $\map {\mathcal B} {S, \tau}$ of $\struct {S, \tau}$ is the $\sigma$-algebra generated by $\tau$.

That is, it is the $\sigma$-algebra generated by the set of open sets in $S$.

Metric Spaces
Let $\struct {X, \norm {\,\cdot\,} }$ be a metric space.

The Borel sigma-algebra (or $\sigma$-algebra) on $\struct {X, \norm {\,\cdot\,} }$ is the $\sigma$-algebra generated by the open sets in $\powerset X$.

By the definition of a topology induced by a metric, this definition is a particular instance of the definition of a Borel $\sigma$-algebra on topological spaces.

Also defined as
Sometimes, the name Borel sigma-algebra is reserved for $\map {\mathcal B} {\R^n, \tau}$, where $\tau$ is the usual (Euclidean) topology.

Also known as
The Borel sigma-algebra is also found with the name topological sigma-algebra, or even just $\sigma$-algebra.

When the set $S$ or the topology $\tau$ are clear from the context, one may encounter $\map {\mathcal B} \tau$, $\map {\mathcal B} S$ or even just $\mathcal B$.

Also, some authors write $\mathcal B^n$ for $\map {\mathcal B} {\R^n, \tau}$.