Naturally Ordered Semigroup is Unique/Existence of Isomorphism

Theorem
Let $\struct {S, \circ, \preceq}$ and $\struct {S', \circ', \preceq'}$ be naturally ordered semigroups.

Let:
 * $0'$ be the smallest element of $S'$
 * $1'$ be the smallest element of $S' \setminus \set {0'} = S'^*$.

Then the mapping $g: S \to S'$ defined as:
 * $\forall a \in S: \map g a = \circ'^a 1'$

is an isomorphism from $\struct {S, \circ, \preceq}$ to $\struct {S', \circ', \preceq'}$.

Proof
Let $T' = \Cdm g$, that is, the codomain of $g$.

By Zero is Identity in Naturally Ordered Semigroup, $0'$ is the identity for $\circ'$.

Thus:
 * $\map g 0 = \circ'^0 1' = 0'$

and so $0' \in T'$

Suppose $x' \in T'$.

Then:
 * $\map g n = x'$

and so:

So:
 * $x' \in T' \implies x' \circ' 1' \in T'$

Thus, by the Principle of Mathematical Induction applied to $S'$:
 * $T' = S'$

So:
 * $\forall a' \in S': \exists a \in S: \map g a = a'$

and so $g$ is surjective by definition.

From Index Laws for Semigroup: Sum of Indices:
 * $\map g {a \circ b} = \map g a \circ' \map g b$

and therefore $g$ is a homomorphism from $\struct {S, \circ}$ to $\struct {S', \circ'}$.

Now:

For $p \in S$, let $S_p$ be the initial segment of $S$:


 * $S_p = \set {x \in S: x \prec p}$

Let:
 * $T = \set {p \in S: \forall a \in S_p: \circ'^a 1' \prec' \circ'^p 1'}$

Now $S_0 = \O \implies 0 \in T$.

Suppose $p \in T$.

Then:
 * $a \prec p \circ 1 \implies a \preceq p$

By Strict Lower Closure of Sum with One, either of these is the case:


 * $(1): \quad a \prec p: p \in T \implies \circ'^a 1' \prec' \circ'^p 1' \prec' \circ'^{\paren {p \circ 1} } 1'$


 * $(2): \quad a = p: \circ'^a 1' = \circ'^p 1' \prec' \circ'^{\paren {p \circ 1} } 1'$

In either case, we have:
 * $p \in T \implies p \circ 1 \in T$, and by the Principle of Mathematical Induction:
 * $T = S$

So $n \prec p \implies \circ'^n 1' \prec' \circ'^p 1'$.

Thus $g$ is a surjective monomorphism and therefore is an isomorphism from $\struct {S, \circ, \preceq}$ to $\struct {S', \circ', \preceq'}$.