Construction of Inverse Completion/Congruence Relation

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Theorem

Let $\struct {S, \circ}$ be a commutative semigroup which has cancellable elements.

Let $\struct {C, \circ {\restriction_C} } \subseteq \struct {S, \circ}$ be the subsemigroup of cancellable elements of $\struct {S, \circ}$, where $\circ {\restriction_C}$ denotes the restriction of $\circ$ to $C$.


Let $\struct {S \times C, \oplus}$ be the external direct product of $\struct {S, \circ}$ and $\struct {C, \circ {\restriction_C} }$, where $\oplus$ is the operation on $S \times C$ induced by $\circ$ on $S$ and $\circ {\restriction_C}$ on $C$.


Let $\boxtimes$ be the cross-relation on $S \times C$, defined as:

$\tuple {x_1, y_1} \boxtimes \tuple {x_2, y_2} \iff x_1 \circ y_2 = x_2 \circ y_1$


The cross-relation $\boxtimes$ is a congruence relation on $\struct {S \times C, \oplus}$.


Members of Equivalence Classes

$\forall x, y \in S, a, b \in C:$

$(1): \quad \tuple {x \circ a, a} \boxtimes \tuple {y \circ b, b} \iff x = y$
$(2): \quad \eqclass {\tuple {x \circ a, y \circ a} } \boxtimes = \eqclass {\tuple {x, y} } \boxtimes$

where $\eqclass {\tuple {x, y} } \boxtimes$ is the equivalence class of $\tuple {x, y}$ under $\boxtimes$.


Equivalence Class of Equal Elements

$\forall c, d \in C: \tuple {c, c} \boxtimes \tuple {d, d}$


Proof

From Semigroup is Subsemigroup of Itself, $\struct {S, \circ}$ is a subsemigroup of $\struct {S, \circ}$.

Also from Semigroup is Subsemigroup of Itself, $\struct {C, \circ {\restriction_C} }$ is a subsemigroup of $\struct {C, \circ {\restriction_C} }$.

The result follows from Cross-Relation is Congruence Relation.

$\blacksquare$


Sources