Fermat Number is not Square/Proof 2

From ProofWiki
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Theorem

There exist no Fermat numbers which are square.


Proof

Recall the definition of Fermat numbers:

$F_n = 2^{(2^n)}+1$, where $n = 0, 1, 2, \ldots$


Marginal Case

$F_0 = 3$ is not a square.


General Case

It will be shown that Fermat numbers lie between $2$ consecutive squares, thus cannot be itself a square:

\(\ds \left({2^{ \left({2^{n-1} }\right)} }\right)^2\) \(=\) \(\ds 2^{\left({2^n}\right)}\) Index Laws/Product of Indices
\(\ds \) \(<\) \(\ds 2^{\left({2^n}\right)} + 1\) adding a positive term
\(\ds \) \(=\) \(\ds F_n\)
\(\ds \) \(<\) \(\ds 2^{\left({2^n}\right)} + 2^{\left({2^{n-1} }\right) + 1} + 1\) adding another positive term
\(\ds \) \(=\) \(\ds \left({2^{\left({2^{n-1} }\right)} + 1}\right)^2\) Completing the Square

$\blacksquare$