Modulo Multiplication/Cayley Table
Cayley Table for Modulo Multiplication
The multiplicative monoid of integers modulo $m$ can be described by showing its Cayley table.
Modulo 3
- $\begin{array} {r|rrr}
\struct {\Z_3, \times_3} & \eqclass 0 3 & \eqclass 1 3 & \eqclass 2 3 & \\ \hline \eqclass 0 3 & \eqclass 0 3 & \eqclass 0 3 & \eqclass 0 3 \\ \eqclass 1 3 & \eqclass 0 3 & \eqclass 1 3 & \eqclass 2 3 \\ \eqclass 2 3 & \eqclass 0 3 & \eqclass 2 3 & \eqclass 1 3 \\ \end{array}$
which can also be presented:
- $\begin{array} {r|rrrrr}
\times_3 & 0 & 1 & 2 \\ \hline 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 1 & 0 & 1 & 2 \\ 2 & 0 & 2 & 1 \end{array}$
Modulo 4
- $\begin{array} {r|rrrrr}
\struct {\Z_4, \times_4} & \eqclass 0 4 & \eqclass 1 4 & \eqclass 2 4 & \eqclass 3 4 \\ \hline \eqclass 0 4 & \eqclass 0 4 & \eqclass 0 4 & \eqclass 0 4 & \eqclass 0 4 \\ \eqclass 1 4 & \eqclass 0 4 & \eqclass 1 4 & \eqclass 2 4 & \eqclass 3 4 \\ \eqclass 2 4 & \eqclass 0 4 & \eqclass 2 4 & \eqclass 0 4 & \eqclass 2 4 \\ \eqclass 3 4 & \eqclass 0 4 & \eqclass 3 4 & \eqclass 2 4 & \eqclass 1 4 \\ \end{array}$
which can also be presented:
- $\begin{array} {r|rrrrr}
\times_4 & 0 & 1 & 2 & 3 \\ \hline 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 1 & 0 & 1 & 2 & 3 \\ 2 & 0 & 2 & 0 & 2 \\ 3 & 0 & 3 & 2 & 1 \\ \end{array}$
Modulo 5
- $\begin{array} {r|rrrrr}
\struct {\Z_5, \times_5} & \eqclass 0 5 & \eqclass 1 5 & \eqclass 2 5 & \eqclass 3 5 & \eqclass 4 5 \\ \hline \eqclass 0 5 & \eqclass 0 5 & \eqclass 0 5 & \eqclass 0 5 & \eqclass 0 5 & \eqclass 0 5 \\ \eqclass 1 5 & \eqclass 0 5 & \eqclass 1 5 & \eqclass 2 5 & \eqclass 3 5 & \eqclass 4 5 \\ \eqclass 2 5 & \eqclass 0 5 & \eqclass 2 5 & \eqclass 4 5 & \eqclass 1 5 & \eqclass 3 5 \\ \eqclass 3 5 & \eqclass 0 5 & \eqclass 3 5 & \eqclass 1 5 & \eqclass 4 5 & \eqclass 2 5 \\ \eqclass 4 5 & \eqclass 0 5 & \eqclass 4 5 & \eqclass 3 5 & \eqclass 2 5 & \eqclass 1 5 \\ \end{array}$
which can also be presented:
- $\begin{array} {r|rrrrr}
\times_5 & 0 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 \\ \hline 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 1 & 0 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 \\ 2 & 0 & 2 & 4 & 1 & 3 \\ 3 & 0 & 3 & 1 & 4 & 2 \\ 4 & 0 & 4 & 3 & 2 & 1 \\ \end{array}$
Modulo 6
$\quad \begin{array} {r|rrrrrr} \struct {\Z_6, \times_6} & \eqclass 0 6 & \eqclass 1 6 & \eqclass 2 6 & \eqclass 3 6 & \eqclass 4 6 & \eqclass 5 6 \\ \hline \eqclass 0 6 & \eqclass 0 6 & \eqclass 0 6 & \eqclass 0 6 & \eqclass 0 6 & \eqclass 0 6 & \eqclass 0 6 \\ \eqclass 1 6 & \eqclass 0 6 & \eqclass 1 6 & \eqclass 2 6 & \eqclass 3 6 & \eqclass 4 6 & \eqclass 5 6 \\ \eqclass 2 6 & \eqclass 0 6 & \eqclass 2 6 & \eqclass 4 6 & \eqclass 0 6 & \eqclass 2 6 & \eqclass 4 6 \\ \eqclass 3 6 & \eqclass 0 6 & \eqclass 3 6 & \eqclass 0 6 & \eqclass 3 6 & \eqclass 0 6 & \eqclass 3 6 \\ \eqclass 4 6 & \eqclass 0 6 & \eqclass 4 6 & \eqclass 2 6 & \eqclass 0 6 & \eqclass 4 6 & \eqclass 2 6 \\ \eqclass 5 6 & \eqclass 0 6 & \eqclass 5 6 & \eqclass 4 6 & \eqclass 3 6 & \eqclass 2 6 & \eqclass 1 6 \end{array}$