Necessary and Sufficient Condition for Quadratic Functional to be Positive Definite/Lemma 1

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Theorem

Let the function $\map h x$ satisfy the equation:

$-\map {\dfrac \d {\d x} } {P h'} + Q h = 0$

Let $\map h x$ have the boundary conditions:

$\map h a = \map h b = 0$

Then:

$\ds \int_a^b \paren {P h'^2 + Q h^2} \rd x = 0$




Proof

\(\ds 0\) \(=\) \(\ds \int_a^b \paren 0 h \rd x\)
\(\ds \) \(=\) \(\ds \int_a^b \paren {-\map {\frac \d {\d x} } {P h'} + Q h} h \rd x\)
\(\ds \) \(=\) \(\ds \int_a^b Q h^2 \rd x - \int_a^b \map {\frac \d {\d x} } {P h'} h \rd x\)
\(\ds \) \(=\) \(\ds \int_a^b Q h^2 \rd x - \bigintlimits {P h' h} a b + \int_a^b P h' \rd h\) Integration by Parts
\(\ds \) \(=\) \(\ds \int_a^b Q h^2 \rd x + \int_a^b P h'^2 \rd x\)
\(\ds \) \(=\) \(\ds \int_a^b \paren {P h'^2 + Q h^2} \rd x\)

$\blacksquare$


Sources

1963: I.M. Gelfand and S.V. Fomin: Calculus of Variations ... (previous) ... (next): $\S 5.26$: Analysis of the Quadratic Functional $ \int_a^b \paren {P h'^2 + Q h^2} \rd x$