Product Space is Completely Hausdorff iff Factor Spaces are Completely Hausdorff

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Theorem

Let $\mathbb S = \family {\struct {S_\alpha, \tau_\alpha} }_{\alpha \mathop \in I}$ be an indexed family of topological spaces for $\alpha$ in some indexing set $I$.


Let $\ds T = \struct{S, \tau} = \prod_{\alpha \mathop \in I} \struct {S_\alpha, \tau_\alpha}$ be the product space of $\mathbb S$.


Then $T$ is a $T_{2 \frac 1 2}$ (completely Hausdorff) space if and only if each of $\struct{S_\alpha, \tau_\alpha}$ is a $T_{2 \frac 1 2}$ (completely Hausdorff) space.


Proof

Necessary Condition

Suppose $T$ is a completely Hausdorff space.

As $S_\alpha \ne \O$ we also have $S \ne \O$ by the axiom of choice.

Let $\alpha \in I$.

From Subspace of Product Space is Homeomorphic to Factor Space, $\struct {S_\alpha, \tau_\alpha}$ is homeomorphic to a subspace $T_\alpha$ of $T$.

From completely Hausdorff property is hereditary, $T_\alpha$ is completely Hausdorff.

From Completely Hausdorff Space is Preserved under Homeomorphism, $\struct {S_\alpha, \tau_\alpha}$ is completely Hausdorff.

As $\alpha \in I$ was arbitrary, the result follows.

$\Box$


Sufficient Condition

Let $x, y \in S : x \ne y$ be arbitrary.

Then $x_\alpha \ne y_\alpha$ for some $\alpha \in I$.

Since $\struct {S_\alpha, \tau_\alpha}$ is completely Hausdorff spaces then:

$\exists U, V \in \tau_\alpha: x_\alpha \in U, y_\alpha \in V : U^- \cap V^- = \O$


Let $\pr_\alpha: S \to S_\alpha$ be the projection of $S$ to $S_\alpha$.

Then:

\(\ds \map {\pr_\alpha^\gets} {U^-} \cap \map {\pr_\alpha^\gets} {V^-}\) \(=\) \(\ds \map {\pr_\alpha^\gets} {U^- \cap V^-}\) Preimage of Intersection under Mapping
\(\ds \) \(=\) \(\ds \map {\pr_\alpha^\gets} \O\)
\(\ds \) \(=\) \(\ds \O\)


From Preimage of Subset is Subset of Preimage:

$\map {\pr_\alpha^\gets} U \subseteq \map {\pr_\alpha^\gets} {U^-}$

and

$\map {\pr_\alpha^\gets} V \subseteq \map {\pr_\alpha^\gets} {V^-}$


From Projection from Product Topology is Open and Continuous:General Result

$\pr_\alpha: S \to S_\alpha$ is continuous.


From Continuity Defined from Closed Sets:

$\map {\pr_\alpha^\gets} {U^-}, \map {\pr_\alpha^\gets} {V^-}$ are closed in $T$


From Set Closure is Smallest Closed Set in Topological Space:

$\paren {\map {\pr_\alpha^\gets} U}^- \subseteq \map {\pr_\alpha^\gets} {U^-}$

and

$\paren {\map {\pr_\alpha^\gets} V}^- \subseteq \map {\pr_\alpha^\gets} {V^-}$


From Subsets of Disjoint Sets are Disjoint:

$\paren {\map {\pr_\alpha^\gets} U}^- \cap \paren{\map {\pr_\alpha^\gets} V}^- = \O$


By definition of the projection $\pr_\alpha$:

$\map {\pr_\alpha} x = x_\alpha \in U$

By definition of the preimage under $\pr_\alpha$:

$x \in \map {\pr_\alpha^\gets} U$

Similarly:

$y \in \map {\pr_\alpha^\gets} V$


By definition of the product topology $\tau$:

$\map {\pr_\alpha^\gets} U, \map {\pr_\alpha^\gets} V \in \tau$


As $x, y \in S$ were arbitrary, it follows that $T$ is a completely Hausdorff space by definition.

$\blacksquare$


Sources

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