Projection is Injection iff Factor is Singleton/Family of Sets/Sufficient Condition

Theorem

Let $\family {S_i}_{i \mathop \in I}$ be a non-empty family of non-empty sets where $I$ is an arbitrary index set.

Let $S = \ds \prod_{i \mathop \in I} S_i$ be the Cartesian product of $\family {S_i}_{i \mathop \in I}$.

Let $\pr_j: S \to S_j$ be the $j$th projection on $S$.

Let $S_i$ be a singleton for all $i \in I \setminus \set j$.

Then $\pr_j$ is an injection.

Let $S_i = \set {s_i}$ for all $i \in I \setminus \set {j}$.

Let $\map {\pr_j} x = \map {\pr_j} y = s_j$ for $x, y \in S$.

By definition of $j$th projection:

$\map x j = \map {\pr_j} x = s_j$

$\map y j = \map {\pr_j} y = s_j$

and so $\map x j = \map y j$.

By the definition of Cartesian product, for all $i \in I \setminus \set j$:

$\map x i, \map y i \in S_i = \set {s_i}$

and so $\map x i = \map y i$ for all $i \in I \setminus \set j$.

Thus $x = y$.

Thus $\pr_j$ is an injection by definition.

$\blacksquare$