Zero is Omega-Accumulation Point of Integer Reciprocal Space Union with Closed Interval

Theorem

Let $A \subseteq \R$ be the set of all points on $\R$ defined as:

$A := \set {\dfrac 1 n : n \in \Z_{>0} }$

Let $\struct {A, \tau_d}$ be the integer reciprocal space under the usual (Euclidean) topology.

Let $B$ be the uncountable set:

$B := A \cup \closedint 2 3$

where $\closedint 2 3$ is a closed interval of $\R$.

$2$ and $3$ are to all intents arbitrary, but convenient.

Then $0$ is an $\omega$-accumulation point of $B$ in $\R$.

Proof

Let $U$ be an open set of $\R$ which contains $0$.

From Open Sets in Real Number Line, there exists an open interval $I$ of the form:

$I := \openint {-a} b \subseteq U$

By the Archimedean Principle:

$\exists n \in \N: n > \dfrac 1 b$

and so:

$\exists n \in \N: \dfrac 1 n < b$

Let:

$M := \set {m \in \N: m \ge n}$

Then:

$\forall m \in M: 0 < \dfrac 1 m < b$

Thus:

$\forall m \in \N, m \ge n: \dfrac 1 m \in I \cap B$

Thus an open set $U$ which contains $0$ contains a countably infinite number of elements of $B$ (distinct from $0$).

Thus, by definition, $0$ is an $\omega$-accumulation point of $B$ in $\R$.

$\blacksquare$

Sources

• 1978: Lynn Arthur Steen and J. Arthur Seebach, Jr.: Counterexamples in Topology (2nd ed.) ... (previous) ... (next): Part $\text {II}$: Counterexamples: $32$. Special Subsets of the Real Line: $1 \ \text{(b)}$