Definition:Stability (Differential Equations)

Definition

For first-order autonomous systems, define $\map \phi {t, x_0}$ to be the unique solution with initial condition $\map x 0 = x_0$.

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Then a solution with initial condition $x_0$ is stable on $\hointr 0 \to$ if and only if:

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given any $\epsilon > 0$, there exists a $\delta > 0$ such that $\norm {x - x_0} < \delta \implies \norm {\map \phi {t, x} - \map \phi {t, x_0} } < \epsilon$

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An equilibrium $x_0$ is unstable if and only if it is not stable.

An equilibrium $x_0$ is asymptotically stable if and only if:

For any $x$ in a sufficiently small neighborhood of $x_0$:

$\ds \lim_{t \mathop \to \infty} \map \phi {t, x} = x_0$

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