Henry Ernest Dudeney/Modern Puzzles/93 - Sum Equals Product/Solution

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Modern Puzzles by Henry Ernest Dudeney: $93$

Sum Equals Product
There are two numbers whose sum equals their product, that is, $2$ and $2$.
What other numbers have that property?


Solution

Any $x$ and $y$ such that $y = \dfrac x {x - 1}$ fits the bill.


Proof

\(\ds x + y\) \(=\) \(\ds x y\)
\(\ds \leadsto \ \ \) \(\ds y \paren {x - 1}\) \(=\) \(\ds x\)
\(\ds \leadsto \ \ \) \(\ds y\) \(=\) \(\ds \dfrac x {x - 1}\)

and we note that:

\(\ds x + \dfrac x {x - 1}\) \(=\) \(\ds \dfrac {x \paren {x - 1} + x} {x - 1}\)
\(\ds \) \(=\) \(\ds \dfrac {x^2} {x - 1}\)
\(\ds \) \(=\) \(\ds x \dfrac x {x - 1}\)

$\blacksquare$


Sources