Definition:Generated Ring Extension/Smallest Subring
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Definition
Let $S$ be a commutative rings with unity.
Let $R$ be a subring of $S$ with unity such that the unity of $R$ is the unity of $S$.
That is, $S$ is a ring extension of $R$.
Let $T \subseteq S$ be a subset of $S$.
The ring extension $R \sqbrk T$ generated by $T$ is the smallest subring of $S$ containing $T$ and $R$, that is, the intersection of all subrings of $S$ containing $T$ and $R$.
Thus $T$ is a generator of $R \sqbrk T$ if and only if $R \sqbrk T$ has no proper subring containing $T$ and $R$.