Inverse in Group is Unique/Proof 2
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Theorem
Let $\struct {G, \circ}$ be a group.
Then every element $x \in G$ has exactly one inverse:
- $\forall x \in G: \exists_1 x^{-1} \in G: x \circ x^{-1} = e^{-1} = x^{-1} \circ x$
where $e$ is the identity element of $\struct {G, \circ}$.
Proof
Let $\struct {G, \circ}$ be a group whose identity element is $e$.
By Group Axiom $\text G 3$: Existence of Inverse Element, every element of $G$ has at least one inverse.
Suppose that:
- $\exists b, c \in G: a \circ b = e, a \circ c = e$
that is, that $b$ and $c$ are both inverse elements of $a$.
Then:
\(\ds b\) | \(=\) | \(\ds b \circ e\) | as $e$ is the identity element | |||||||||||
\(\ds \) | \(=\) | \(\ds b \circ \paren {a \circ c}\) | as $c$ is an inverse of $a$ | |||||||||||
\(\ds \) | \(=\) | \(\ds \paren {b \circ a} \circ c\) | Group Axiom $\text G 1$: Associativity | |||||||||||
\(\ds \) | \(=\) | \(\ds e \circ c\) | as $b$ is an inverse of $a$ | |||||||||||
\(\ds \) | \(=\) | \(\ds c\) | as $e$ is the identity element |
So $b = c$ and hence the result.
$\blacksquare$
Sources
- 1966: Richard A. Dean: Elements of Abstract Algebra ... (previous) ... (next): $\S 1.4$: Lemma $5$
- 1967: George McCarty: Topology: An Introduction with Application to Topological Groups ... (previous) ... (next): Chapter $\text{II}$: Groups: The Group Property
- 1996: John F. Humphreys: A Course in Group Theory ... (previous) ... (next): Chapter $3$: Elementary consequences of the definitions: Proposition $3.2$