P-adic Integer has Unique Coherent Sequence Representative/P-adic Expansion

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Theorem

Let $p$ be a prime number.

Let $\struct {\Q_p, \norm {\,\cdot\,}_p}$ be the $p$-adic numbers.

Let $a$ be a $p$-adic number, that is left coset, in $\Q_p$ such that $\norm a _p \le 1$.


Then $a$ has exactly one representative that is a $p$-adic expansion of the form:

$\ds \sum_{n \mathop = 0}^\infty d_n p^n$


Proof

From P-adic Integer has Unique Coherent Sequence Representative, $a$ has exactly one representative coherent sequence.


Let $\sequence{\alpha_n}$ be the coherent sequence such that:

$\sequence{\alpha_n}$ is a representative of $a$.

From Coherent Sequence is Partial Sum of P-adic Expansion, there exists a $p$-adic expansion of the form:

$\ds \sum_{n \mathop = 0}^\infty d_n p^n$

such that:

$\forall n \in \N: \alpha_n = \ds \sum_{i \mathop = 0}^n d_i p^i$

Then $\ds \sum_{n \mathop = 0}^\infty d_n p^n$ is a representative of $a$.


Let $\ds \sum_{n \mathop = 0}^\infty d'_n p^n$ be a $p$-adic expansion that is a representative of $a$.

From Partial Sums of P-adic Expansion forms Coherent Sequence, the partial sums:

$\forall n \in \N: \alpha'_n = \ds \sum_{i \mathop = 0}^n d'_i p^i$

are a coherent sequence that is a representative of $a$.


Since $\sequence{\alpha_n}$ is the only coherent sequence that is a representative of $a$, then:

$\sequence{\alpha'_n} = \sequence{\alpha_n}$

It follows that:

$\forall n \in \N : d'_n = d_n$

Then $\ds \sum_{n \mathop = 0}^\infty d_n p^n$ is the only $p$-adic expansion that is a representative of $a$.

$\blacksquare$


Also see


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