Product of Two Distinct Primes has 4 Positive Divisors
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Theorem
Let $n \in \Z_{>0}$ be a positive integer which is the product of $2$ distinct primes.
Then $n$ has exactly $4$ positive divisors.
Proof
Let $n = p \times q$ where $p$ and $q$ are primes.
We have by definition of divisor:
\(\ds 1\) | \(\divides\) | \(\ds n\) | One Divides all Integers | |||||||||||
\(\ds p\) | \(\divides\) | \(\ds n\) | Definition of Divisor of Integer | |||||||||||
\(\ds q\) | \(\divides\) | \(\ds n\) | Definition of Divisor of Integer | |||||||||||
\(\ds p \times q\) | \(\divides\) | \(\ds n\) | Integer Divides Itself |
where $\divides$ denotes divisibility.
Suppose $a \divides n$ such that $1 \le a < n$.
Suppose $a \ne p$.
By definition of prime number:
- $a \perp p$
where $\perp$ denotes coprimality.
From Euclid's Lemma:
- $a \divides q$
and so by definition of prime number:
- $a = q$
or:
- $a = 1$
Similarly, suppose $a \ne q$.
By the same reasoning:
- $a = p$
or:
- $a = 1$
Thus the only positive divisors are as above.
$\blacksquare$
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Sources
- 1997: David Wells: Curious and Interesting Numbers (2nd ed.) ... (previous) ... (next): $33$