# Definition:Indexed Iterated Binary Operation

## Definition

Let $\left({G, *}\right)$ be a magma.

Let $a, b \in \Z$ be integers.

Let $\left[{a \,.\,.\, b}\right]$ be the integer interval between $a$ and $b$.

Let $f : \left[{a \,.\,.\, b}\right] \to G$ be a mapping.

### Nondegenerate case

Let $a\leq b$

The indexed iteration of $*$ of $f$ from $a$ to $b$ is recursively defined and denoted:

$\displaystyle \prod_{k \mathop = a}^b f(k) = \begin{cases} f(a) & : b = a \\ \left( \displaystyle \prod_{k \mathop = a}^{b-1} f(k) \right) * f(b) & : b > a\end{cases}$

For each ordered $n$-tuple $\left({a_1, a_2, \ldots, a_n}\right) \in S^n$, the composite of $\left({a_1, a_2, \ldots, a_n}\right)$ for $\oplus$ is the value at $\left({a_1, a_2, \ldots, a_n}\right)$ of the $n$-ary operation defined by $\oplus$.

This composite is recursively defined and denoted:

 $\displaystyle \displaystyle \bigoplus_{k \mathop = 1}^n a_k$ $=$ $\displaystyle \oplus_n \left({a_1, a_2, \ldots, a_n}\right)$ $\quad$ $\quad$ $\displaystyle$ $=$ $\displaystyle \begin{cases} a & : n = 1 \\ \oplus_m \left({a_1, \ldots, a_m}\right) \oplus a_{m+1} & : n = m + 1 \end{cases}$ $\quad$ $\quad$ $\displaystyle$ $=$ $\displaystyle \left({\left({\cdots \left({\left({a_1 \oplus a_2}\right) \oplus a_3}\right) \oplus \cdots}\right) \oplus a_{n-1} }\right) \oplus a_n$ $\quad$ $\quad$

### Degenerate case

Let $(G, *)$ be a unitary magma with identity $e$.

Let $a,b \in \Z$ be integers with $a<b$.

Then $\displaystyle\prod_{i=a}^b f(i) = e$.

## Induced n-ary Operation

Let $(G, \oplus)$ be a magma.

Let $n\geq 1$ be a natural number.

Let $G^n$ be the $n$th cartesian power of $G$.

The $n$-ary operation induced by $\oplus$ is the $n$-ary operation $\oplus_n : G^n \to G$ defined as:

$\oplus_n (f) = \displaystyle \bigoplus_{i \mathop = 1}^n f(i)$

where $\bigoplus$ denotes indexed iteration of $f$ from $1$ to $n$.

### Induced nullary operation

Let $(G, \oplus)$ be a unital magma with identity $e$.

The $0$-ary operation induced by $\oplus$ is the nullary operation equal to the element $e$.

## Also known as

The indexed iterated binary operation of an ordered tuple is also known as their composite.