Definition:Limit Point/Topology/Set

Definition

Let $T = \left({S, \tau}\right)$ be a topological space.

Let $A \subseteq S$.

Definition from Open Neighborhood

A point $x \in S$ is a limit point of $A$ if and only if every open neighborhood $U$ of $x$ satisfies:

$A \cap \paren {U \setminus \set x} \ne \O$

That is, if and only if every open set $U \in \tau$ such that $x \in U$ contains some point of $A$ distinct from $x$.

More symbolically, a point $x \in S$ is a limit point of $A$ if and only if

$\forall U\in \tau :x\in U \implies A \cap \paren {U \setminus \set x} \ne \O\text{.}$

Definition from Closure

A point $x \in S$ is a limit point of $A$ if and only if

$x$ belongs to the closure of $A$ but is not an isolated point of $A$.

A point $x \in S$ is a limit point of $A$ if and only if $x$ is an adherent point of $A$ but is not an isolated point of $A$.

Definition from Relative Complement

A point $x \in S$ is a limit point of $A$ if and only if $\left({S \setminus A}\right) \cup \left\{{x}\right\}$ is not a neighborhood of $x$.

Definition from Sequence

A point $x \in S$ is a limit point of $A$ if there is a sequence $\left\langle{x_n}\right\rangle$ in $A$ such that $x$ is a limit point of $\left\langle{x_n}\right\rangle$, considered as sequence in $S$.

Also see

• Results about limit points can be found here.