Definition:Pointwise Scalar Multiplication of Mappings/Real-Valued Functions

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Definition

Let $S$ be a non-empty set, and let $\R^S$ be the set of all mappings $f: S \to \R$.


Then pointwise ($\R$-)scalar multiplication on $\R^S$ is the binary operation $\cdot: \R \times \R^S \to \R^S$ defined by:

$\forall \lambda \in \R: \forall f \in \R^S: \forall s \in S: \map {\paren {\lambda \cdot f} } s := \lambda \cdot \map f s$

where the $\cdot$ on the right is real multiplication.


Pointwise scalar multiplication thence is an instance of a pointwise operation on real-valued functions.


Also known as

Like the $\cdot$ for real multiplication, its pointwise analog (also denoted $\cdot$) is often omitted.

That is, one often encounters $\lambda f$ instead of $\lambda \cdot f$.


Furthermore, by the way pointwise $\R$-scalar multiplication is defined, one often disposes of parentheses.

Thus one simply writes $\lambda \map f s$, leaving unspecified whether this means $\map {\paren {\lambda \cdot f} } s$ or $\lambda \cdot \map f s$.

This is justified as the expressions are equal in any case, and it saves one from writing excessive parentheses.


Also see


Sources

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