Definition:Binomial Distribution

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Definition

Let $X$ be a discrete random variable on a probability space $\struct {\Omega, \Sigma, \Pr}$.


Then $X$ has the binomial distribution with parameters $n$ and $p$ if and only if:

$\Img X = \set {0, 1, \ldots, n}$
$\map \Pr {X = k} = \dbinom n k p^k \paren {1 - p}^{n - k}$

where $0 \le p \le 1$.


Note that this distribution gives rise to a probability mass function satisfying $\map \Pr \Omega = 1$, because:

$\ds \sum_{k \mathop \in \Z} \dbinom n k p^k \paren {1 - p}^{n - k} = \paren {p + \paren {1 - p} }^n = 1$

This is apparent from the Binomial Theorem.


It is written:

$X \sim \Binomial n p$


Also defined as

Some sources insist that $0 < p < 1$, but it can be useful in certain circumstances to include the condition when the outcome is certainty.


Also see

  • Results about the Binomial distribution can be found here.


Technical Note

The $\LaTeX$ code for \(\Binomial {n} {p}\) is \Binomial {n} {p} .

When the arguments are single characters, it is usual to omit the braces:

\Binomial n p


Sources


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